1 ¶ And he has made you alive, who were dead in trespasses and sins,

And you, when you were dead (slain) by trespasses and sins

2 i n which in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the will of the prince of the power of this air, the spirit that now works in the sons of disobedience,

In which at one time you walked. You were following the course and fashion of this world, following the prince of the power of the air. the spirit that still constantly works in the sons of disobedience.

3 a mong whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind and were by nature the children of wrath, even as all the others.

Among these we as well as you once lived and conducted ourselves in the passions of our flesh, obeying the impulses of the flesh and the thoughts of the mind. We were then by nature children of wrath and heirs of indignation, like the rest of mankind.

4 ¶ But God, who is rich in mercy, for his great charity with which he loved us,

But God—so rich is He in His mercy! Because of and in order to satisfy the great and wonderful and intense love with which He loved us,

5 e ven as we were dead in sins, he has made us alive together with the Christ (by whose grace ye are saved)

Even when we were dead (slain) by shortcomings and trespasses, He made us alive together in fellowship and in union with Christ; it is by grace (His favor and mercy which you did not deserve) that you are saved ( delivered from judgment and made partakers of Christ’s salvation).

6 a nd has raised us up together and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus,

And He raised us up together with Him and made us sit down together '> joint seating with Him] in the heavenly sphere in Christ Jesus (the Messiah, the Anointed One).

7 T hat in the ages to come he might show the exceeding riches of his grace in his kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.

He did this that He might clearly demonstrate through the ages to come the immeasurable (limitless, surpassing) riches of His free grace (His unmerited favor) in kindness and goodness of heart toward us in Christ Jesus.

8 F or by grace are ye saved through faith and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God,

For it is by free grace (God’s unmerited favor) that you are saved ( delivered from judgment and made partakers of Christ’s salvation) through faith. And this is not of yourselves, but it is the gift of God;

9 N ot of works, lest any man should boast.

Not because of works, lest any man should boast.

10 F or we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God has prepared that we should walk in them.

For we are God’s handiwork (His workmanship), recreated in Christ Jesus, that we may do those good works which God predestined (planned beforehand) for us, that we should walk in them.

11 ¶ Therefore remember that ye being in time past Gentiles in the flesh, who were called Uncircumcision by that which is called the Circumcision in the flesh, which is made by hands,

Therefore, remember that at one time you were Gentiles (heathens) in the flesh, called Uncircumcision by those who called themselves Circumcision, '> mere mark] in the flesh made by human hands.

12 t hat at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world,

that you were at that time separated (living apart) from Christ, utterly estranged and outlawed from the rights of Israel as a nation, and strangers with no share in the sacred compacts of the promise. And you had no hope (no promise); you were in the world without God.

13 b ut now in Christ Jesus ye who at another time were far off are made near by the blood of the Christ.

But now in Christ Jesus, you who once were far away, through (by, in) the blood of Christ have been brought near.

14 ¶ For he is our peace, who of both has made one, breaking down the middle wall of separation,

For He is our peace (our bond of unity and harmony). He has made us both one, and has broken down (destroyed, abolished) the hostile dividing wall between us,

15 a bolishing in his flesh the enmity, which was the law of commandments in the order of rites, to edify in himself the two in one new man, making peace,

By abolishing in His flesh the enmity the Law with its decrees and ordinances; that He from the two might create in Himself one new man, so making peace.

16 a nd to reconcile both with God by the cross in one body, having slain the enmity thereby;

And to reconcile to God both in a single body by means of His cross, thereby killing the mutual enmity and bringing the feud to an end.

17 a nd he came and preached peace unto you who were afar off and to those that were near.

And He came and preached the glad tidings of peace to you who were afar off and to those who were near.

18 F or through him we both have access by one Spirit unto the Father.

For it is through Him that we both now have an introduction (access) by one Spirit to the Father.

19 N ow therefore ye are no longer strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints and of the household of God,

Therefore you are no longer outsiders (exiles, migrants, and aliens, excluded from the rights of citizens), but you now share citizenship with the saints (God’s own people, consecrated and set apart for Himself); and you belong to God’s household.

20 a nd are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief cornerstone,

You are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets with Christ Jesus Himself the chief Cornerstone.

21 i n whom all the building fitly framed together grows unto a holy temple in the Lord,

In Him the whole structure is joined (bound, welded) together harmoniously, and it continues to rise (grow, increase) into a holy temple in the Lord.

22 i n whom ye also are being built together for the habitation of God in the Spirit.

In Him you yourselves also are being built up with the rest, to form a fixed abode (dwelling place) of God in (by, through) the Spirit.