1 و َتَأمَّلْتُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى ما يَحدُثُ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيا مِنْ ظُلْمٍ. رَأيتُ دُمُوعَ المَظلُومِينَ، وَلَيْسَ مَنْ يُعَزِّيهِمْ. وَرَأيتُ القُساةَ أصحابَ النُّفُوذِ يُذِيقُونَهُمُ العَذابَ، وَلَيسَ مَنْ يُعَزِّيهِمْ.

Then I returned and considered all the oppressions that are practiced under the sun: And I beheld the tears of the oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors was power, but they had no comforter.

2 ف َوَجَدْتُ أنَّ الأمْواتَ أفضَلُ حالاً مِنَ الأحياءِ.

So I praised and thought more fortunate those who have been long dead than the living, who are still alive.

3 و َأفضَلُ مِنْ هَذا وَذاكَ، الَّذِينَ يَمُوتُونَ عِنْدَ وِلادَتِهِمْ، لِأنَّهُمْ لا يَشهَدُونَ الشُّرُورَ الَّتِي يَعمَلُها النّاسُ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيا. لِماذا العَمَلُ الشّاق؟

But better than them both is he who has not yet been born, who has not seen the evil deeds that are done under the sun.

4 ث ُمَّ رأيْتُ أنَّ النّاسَ مَدفُوعُونَ إلَى العَمَلِ وَالرَّغبَةِ فِي النَّجاحِ بِسَبَبِ غَيرَتِهِمْ مِنَ الآخَرِينَ. وَهَذا أيضاً زائِلٌ وَكَمُطارَدَةِ الرِّيحِ.

Then I saw that all painful effort in labor and all skill in work comes from man’s rivalry with his neighbor. This is also vanity, a vain striving after the wind and a feeding on it.

5 ي َظَلُّ الأحْمَقُ مَكتُوفَ اليَدَينِ، ثُمَّ يَبدأ بِأكلِ لَحْمِ جِسمِهِ!

The fool folds his hands together and eats his own flesh.

6 ح ِفنَةٌ واحِدَةٌ أفضَلُ مِنْ حِفنَتَينِ مَعَ مَشَقَّةٍ شَدِيدَةٍ وَمَعَ مُطارَدَةِ الرِّيحَ.

Better is a handful with quietness than both hands full with painful effort, a vain striving after the wind and a feeding on it.

7 ث ُمَّ عُدْتُ فَرَأيتُ شَيئاً زائلاً فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيا:

Then I returned, and I saw vanity under the sun.

8 ر َجُلاً وَحيداً بلا رَفيقٍ وَلا ابْنٍ وَلا أخٍ. لَكِنَّهُ لا يَتَوَقَّفُ عَنِ العَمَلِ. لا يَشْبَعُ مِنَ المالِ، وَلا يَقُولُ لِنَفْسِهِ لِمَنْ أتعَبُ وَأحرِمُ نَفسِي مِنَ التَّمَتُّعِ بِالحَياةِ؟ هَذا أيضاً شَقاءٌ وَزائِلٌ. الأصدِقاءُ وَالعائِلَةُ مَصدَرُ قُوَّة

Here is one alone—no one with him; he neither has child nor brother. Yet there is no end to all his labor, neither is his eye satisfied with riches, neither does he ask, For whom do I labor and deprive myself of good? This is also vanity (emptiness, falsity, and futility); yes, it is a painful effort and an unhappy business.

9 ا ثْنانِ يَعْمَلانِ مَعاً أفضَلُ مِنْ واحِدٍ، إذْ يَحصُلانِ عَلَى ثَمَرٍ أكبَرَ.

Two are better than one, because they have a good reward for their labor;

10 و َإنْ ضَعُفَ أحَدُهُما، يَسنِدُهُ الآخَرُ. لَكِنْ ما أسوَأ حالَ مَنْ يَكُونُ وَحدَهُ وَيَسْقُطُ! إذْ لَيسَ هُناكَ مَنْ يُعِينُهُ.

For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow. But woe to him who is alone when he falls and has not another to lift him up!

11 إ نْ نامَ اثْنانِ مَعاً، فَأحَدُهُما يُدَفِئُ الآخَرَ. أمّا الَّذِي يَنامُ وَحدَهُ، فَمِنْ أينَ يَأْتِيهِ الدِّفءُ؟

Again, if two lie down together, then they have warmth; but how can one be warm alone?

12 ق َدْ يَقوَى عَدُوٌّ عَلَى واحِدٍ بِمُفرَدِهِ، لَكِنَّهُ لا يَقوَى عَلَى اثْنَينِ مَعاً. وَالحَبلُ المَثلُوثُ لا يَنقَطِعُ بِسُهُولَةٍ. النّاسُ وَالسِّياسَةُ وَالشَّعْبِيَّة

And though a man might prevail against him who is alone, two will withstand him. A threefold cord is not quickly broken.

13 ق ائِدٌ شابٌّ فَقِيرٌ لَكِنْ حَكِيمٌ خَيرٌ مِنْ مَلِكٍ شَيخٍ لَكِنْ أحْمَقَ لا يُعطِي آذاناً صاغِيَةً لِلتَّحذِيراتِ.

Better is a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king who no longer knows how to receive counsel (friendly reproof and warning)—

14 ر ُبَّما وُلِدَ ذَلِكَ الشّابُّ فَقِيراً فِي المَملَكَةِ، وَرُبَّما خَرَجَ مِنَ السِّجنِ لِيَتَوَلَّى قِيادَةَ البَلَدِ.

Even though comes out of prison to reign, while the other, born a king, becomes needy.

15 ل َكِنِّي رَأيْتُ جَمِيعَ البَشَرَ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيا، يَتبَعُونَ ذَلِكَ القائِدَ الشّابَّ، وَسَيصِيرُ المَلِكَ الجَدِيدَ.

I saw all the living who walk under the sun with the youth who was to stand up in the king’s stead.

16 و َسَتَتبَعُهُ أعدادٌ لا تُحصَى مِنَ النّاسِ. لَكِنْ فِيما بَعْدُ، لَنْ يَعُودَ هَؤُلاءِ النّاسُ يُحِبُّونَهُ. فَهَذا أيضاً زائِلٌ وَكَمُطارَدَةِ الرِّيحِ.

There was no end to all the people; he was over all of them. Yet those who come later will not rejoice in him. Surely this also is vanity (emptiness, falsity, vainglory) and a striving after the wind and a feeding on it.