1 و َرَأيتُ ظُلْماً يُثقِلُ حَياةَ النّاسِ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيا.

There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it lies heavily upon men:

2 ي ُعْطِي اللهُ إنساناً ما ثَرْوَةً وَغِنَى وَكَرامَةً. فِي مُتَناوَلِ يَدَيهِ كُلُّ ما يَحتاجُ وَيَشْتَهِي. لَكِنَّ اللهَ لا يُمْهِلُهُ لِكَي يَتَمَتَّعَ بِما لَدَيهِ، وَيَأْتِي غَرِيبٌ وَيَسْتَولِي عَلَى كلِّ شَيءٍ لَهُ. هَذا أمْرٌ مُحزِنٌ جِدّاً وَزائِلٌ.

A man to whom God has given riches, possessions, and honor, so that he lacks nothing for his soul of all that he might desire, yet God does not give him the power or capacity to enjoy them, but a stranger consumes and enjoys them. This is vanity (emptiness, falsity, and futility); it is a sore affliction!

3 ق َدْ يَطُولُ العُمْرُ بِإنْسانٍ، وَقَدْ يُنجِبُ مِئَةَ ابْنٍ. لَكِنْ إنْ لَمْ يَتَمَتَّعْ بِهَذا كُلِّهِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ قَبْرٌ بِاسْمِهِ، فَإنَّ طِفلاً ماتَ عِندَ وِلادَتِهِ أفضَلُ مِنهُ.

If a man begets a hundred children and lives many years so that the days of his years are many, but his life is not filled with good, and also he is given no burial, I say that an untimely birth is better off than he,

4 ف َقَدْ وُلِدَ بَلا مَعنىً، وَدُفِنَ قَبْرٍ مُظلِمٍ، وَلَمْ يَحمِلْ حَتَّى اسْماً.

For comes in futility and goes into darkness, and in darkness his name is covered.

5 ل َمْ يَرَ الشَّمْسَ وَلَمْ يَتَعَلَّمْ شَيئاً، لَكِنَّهُ يَجِدُ راحَةً أكْثَرَ مِنْ غَيرِهِ.

Moreover, he has not seen the sun nor had any knowledge, yet he has rest rather than he.

6 ح َتَّى لَوْ عاشَ ألفَي سَنَةٍ، وَلَمْ يَتَمَتَّعْ بِحَياتِهِ، ألَيسَتْ لِكِلَيهِما نِهايَةٌ واحِدَةٌ؟

Even though he lives a thousand years twice over and yet has seen no good and experienced no enjoyment—do not all go to one place ?

7 ي َعمَلُ الإنْسانُ مِنْ أجلِ بَطنِهِ. غَيرَ أنَّهُ لا يَشبَعُ أبَداً.

All the labor of man is for his mouth, and yet his desire is not satisfied.

8 ف َبِماذا يَتَمَيَّزُ الحَكِيمُ عَنِ الأحْمَقِ فِي هَذا؟ وَماذا يَنتَفِعُ الفَقيرُ بِأنْ يَتَعَلَّمَ حُسْنَ السُّلُوكِ؟

For what advantage has the wise man over the fool ? What advantage has the poor man who has learned how to walk before the living ?

9 ا لاكْتِفاءُ بِما يَملِكُهُ الإنْسِانُ أفْضَلُ مِنَ الرَّغْبَةِ بِالمَزِيدِ. هَذا أيضاً فارِغٌ وَكَمُطارَدَةِ الرِّيحِ.

Better is the sight of the eyes than the cravings of wandering desire. This is also vanity (emptiness, falsity, and futility) and a striving after the wind and a feeding on it!

10 م ا حَدَثَ تَحَدَّدَ مِنَ الأصلِ. وَلَنْ يَكُونَ الإنْسانُ إلّا ما خُلِقَ لِيَكُونَهُ. لِذلِكَ لا يَقدِرُ أنْ يُجادِلَ اللهَ فِي هَذا. فَاللهُ أقوَى مِنْهُ.

Whatever is, he has been named that long ago, and it is known that it is man; nor can he contend with Him who is mightier than he.

11 أ مّا كَثْرَةُ الكَلامِ فِي هَذا الأمْرِ فَهِيَ بِلا مَعْنَى، وَلا جَدْوَى لأحَدٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ.

Seeing that there are many other things and words that increase the emptiness, falsity, vainglory, and futility, what profit and what outcome is there for man?

12 م َنْ يَعرِفُ ما أفضَلُ شَيءٍ لِلإنْسانِ أثْناءَ حَياتِهِ الَّتِي تَمضِي بِسُرْعَةِ الظِلِّ؟ وَمَنْ يَستَطِيعُ أنْ يُخبِرَهُ بِما سَيَحدُثُ بَعْدَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيا؟

For who '> limited to human wisdom] knows what is good for man in his life, all the days of his vain life which he spends as a shadow ? For who can tell a man what will happen under the sun after he is gone?