1 و َرَأيتُ ظُلْماً يُثقِلُ حَياةَ النّاسِ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيا.

There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men:

2 ي ُعْطِي اللهُ إنساناً ما ثَرْوَةً وَغِنَى وَكَرامَةً. فِي مُتَناوَلِ يَدَيهِ كُلُّ ما يَحتاجُ وَيَشْتَهِي. لَكِنَّ اللهَ لا يُمْهِلُهُ لِكَي يَتَمَتَّعَ بِما لَدَيهِ، وَيَأْتِي غَرِيبٌ وَيَسْتَولِي عَلَى كلِّ شَيءٍ لَهُ. هَذا أمْرٌ مُحزِنٌ جِدّاً وَزائِلٌ.

A man to whom God has given riches and wealth and honor, so that he lacks nothing for himself of all he desires; yet God does not give him power to eat of it, but a foreigner consumes it. This is vanity, and it is an evil affliction.

3 ق َدْ يَطُولُ العُمْرُ بِإنْسانٍ، وَقَدْ يُنجِبُ مِئَةَ ابْنٍ. لَكِنْ إنْ لَمْ يَتَمَتَّعْ بِهَذا كُلِّهِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ قَبْرٌ بِاسْمِهِ، فَإنَّ طِفلاً ماتَ عِندَ وِلادَتِهِ أفضَلُ مِنهُ.

If a man begets a hundred children and lives many years, so that the days of his years are many, but his soul is not satisfied with goodness, or indeed he has no burial, I say that a stillborn child is better than he—

4 ف َقَدْ وُلِدَ بَلا مَعنىً، وَدُفِنَ قَبْرٍ مُظلِمٍ، وَلَمْ يَحمِلْ حَتَّى اسْماً.

for it comes in vanity and departs in darkness, and its name is covered with darkness.

5 ل َمْ يَرَ الشَّمْسَ وَلَمْ يَتَعَلَّمْ شَيئاً، لَكِنَّهُ يَجِدُ راحَةً أكْثَرَ مِنْ غَيرِهِ.

Though it has not seen the sun or known anything, this has more rest than that man,

6 ح َتَّى لَوْ عاشَ ألفَي سَنَةٍ، وَلَمْ يَتَمَتَّعْ بِحَياتِهِ، ألَيسَتْ لِكِلَيهِما نِهايَةٌ واحِدَةٌ؟

even if he lives a thousand years twice—but has not seen goodness. Do not all go to one place?

7 ي َعمَلُ الإنْسانُ مِنْ أجلِ بَطنِهِ. غَيرَ أنَّهُ لا يَشبَعُ أبَداً.

All the labor of man is for his mouth, And yet the soul is not satisfied.

8 ف َبِماذا يَتَمَيَّزُ الحَكِيمُ عَنِ الأحْمَقِ فِي هَذا؟ وَماذا يَنتَفِعُ الفَقيرُ بِأنْ يَتَعَلَّمَ حُسْنَ السُّلُوكِ؟

For what more has the wise man than the fool? What does the poor man have, Who knows how to walk before the living?

9 ا لاكْتِفاءُ بِما يَملِكُهُ الإنْسِانُ أفْضَلُ مِنَ الرَّغْبَةِ بِالمَزِيدِ. هَذا أيضاً فارِغٌ وَكَمُطارَدَةِ الرِّيحِ.

Better is the sight of the eyes than the wandering of desire. This also is vanity and grasping for the wind.

10 م ا حَدَثَ تَحَدَّدَ مِنَ الأصلِ. وَلَنْ يَكُونَ الإنْسانُ إلّا ما خُلِقَ لِيَكُونَهُ. لِذلِكَ لا يَقدِرُ أنْ يُجادِلَ اللهَ فِي هَذا. فَاللهُ أقوَى مِنْهُ.

Whatever one is, he has been named already, For it is known that he is man; And he cannot contend with Him who is mightier than he.

11 أ مّا كَثْرَةُ الكَلامِ فِي هَذا الأمْرِ فَهِيَ بِلا مَعْنَى، وَلا جَدْوَى لأحَدٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ.

Since there are many things that increase vanity, How is man the better?

12 م َنْ يَعرِفُ ما أفضَلُ شَيءٍ لِلإنْسانِ أثْناءَ حَياتِهِ الَّتِي تَمضِي بِسُرْعَةِ الظِلِّ؟ وَمَنْ يَستَطِيعُ أنْ يُخبِرَهُ بِما سَيَحدُثُ بَعْدَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيا؟

For who knows what is good for man in life, all the days of his vain life which he passes like a shadow? Who can tell a man what will happen after him under the sun?